Prostate cancer burden in South Asia: A systematic analysis of global burden of disease data (1990-2021).
Vijay Kumar, Diptismita Jena, Quazi Syed Zahiruddin, R Roopashree, Mandeep Kaur, Manish Srivastava, Amit Barwal, G V Siva Prasad, Pranchal Rajput, Rukshar Syed, Gajendra Sharma, Sunil Kumar, Nagavalli Chilakam, Ganesh Bushi, Hassan Basri Jahubar Sathik, Rachana Mehta, Sanjit Sah, Muhammed Shabil, Abhay M Gaidhane, Hashem Abu Serhan
Author Information
Vijay Kumar: Global Center for Evidence Synthesis, Chandigarh, India. ORCID
Diptismita Jena: Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
Quazi Syed Zahiruddin: South Asia Infant Feeding Research Network (SAIFRN), Division of Evidence Synthesis, Global Consortium of Public Health and Research, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education, Wardha, India.
R Roopashree: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Mandeep Kaur: Department of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Manish Srivastava: Department of Endocrinology, NIMS University, Jaipur, India.
Amit Barwal: Chandigarh Pharmacy College, Chandigarh Group of College, Jhanjeri, Mohali, Punjab, India.
G V Siva Prasad: Department of Chemistry, Raghu Engineering College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Pranchal Rajput: School of Applied and Life Sciences, Division of Research and Innovation, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India.
Rukshar Syed: IES Institute of Pharmacy, IES University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Gajendra Sharma: New Delhi Institute of Management, Tughlakabad Institutional Area, New Delhi, India.
Sunil Kumar: Department of Microbiology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Clement Town Dehradun, India.
Nagavalli Chilakam: Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Greater Noida, India.
Ganesh Bushi: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India.
Hassan Basri Jahubar Sathik: University of Cyberjaya, Persiaran Bestari, Cyber 11, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
Rachana Mehta: Clinical Microbiology, RDC, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, Faridabad, Haryana, India.
Sanjit Sah: Department of Paediatrics, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India. ORCID
Muhammed Shabil: University Center for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India.
Abhay M Gaidhane: Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, and Global Health Academy, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education, Wardha, India.
Hashem Abu Serhan: Department of Ophthalmology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar. ORCID
OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to analyze trends in prostate cancer incidence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2021 via data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study in South Asia. Additionally, the study projects future prostate cancer incidence rates up to 2031 to inform public health interventions in South Asia. METHODS: Data covering South Asian countries such as Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, and Pakistan were obtained from the GBD 2021 portal. Age-standardized rates (ASRs) for prostate cancer metrics, including incidence (ASIR), prevalence (ASPR), mortality (ASMR), and DALYs (ASDR), were analyzed via joinpoint and ARIMA modeling techniques. Geographic variations in ASRs were mapped via QGIS software. RESULTS: The prostate cancer ASIR, ASPR, and ASDR significantly increased from 1990 to 2021, particularly among individuals aged 60-65 years. The highest incidence and mortality rates were observed in Pakistan. The total percentage change in incidence in India was the highest at 61%. Projections indicate a continued rise in prostate cancer incidence, with South Asia's ASIR expected to reach 9.34 per 100 000 by 2031. CONCLUSIONS: The growing burden of prostate cancer in South Asia highlights the need for enhanced screening programs, public awareness, and healthcare infrastructure improvements. Without intervention, the increasing incidence and mortality rates could strain healthcare resources, emphasizing the urgency of region-specific public health strategies.
