OpenLB
Open Library of Bioscience
Advanced Search
Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN
2025 Mar-Apr;50 (2): E73-E84.

Impulse control deficits among patients with nonsuicidal self-injury: a mediation analysis based on structural imaging.

Ya Xie, Sichu Wu, Jian Li, Congjie Zhang, Yumin Zhang, Yaming Hang, Nan Lang, Zhangwei Lv, Pei Zhang, Minlu Liang, Bo Yu, Jing Long, Yuan Liu, Suhong Wang, Lichen Ouyang, Liping Zhang, Yun Wu, Chun Wang
Author Information
  1. Ya Xie: From the Clinical Non-pharmacological Treatment Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (Xie, Wu, Li, Y. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Lv, P. Zhang, Liang, Ouyang, L. Zhang, Wu, C. Wang); the School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (C. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Wu, C. Wang); the Third People's Hospital of Mianyang, Youxian District, Mianyang, Sichuan, China (Yu); the Tianjin Anding Hospital, Hexi District, Tianjin, China (Long); the Xuzhou Oriental People's Hospital, Yunlong District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China (Liu); the First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Tianning District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (S. Wang).
  2. Sichu Wu: From the Clinical Non-pharmacological Treatment Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (Xie, Wu, Li, Y. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Lv, P. Zhang, Liang, Ouyang, L. Zhang, Wu, C. Wang); the School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (C. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Wu, C. Wang); the Third People's Hospital of Mianyang, Youxian District, Mianyang, Sichuan, China (Yu); the Tianjin Anding Hospital, Hexi District, Tianjin, China (Long); the Xuzhou Oriental People's Hospital, Yunlong District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China (Liu); the First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Tianning District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (S. Wang).
  3. Jian Li: From the Clinical Non-pharmacological Treatment Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (Xie, Wu, Li, Y. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Lv, P. Zhang, Liang, Ouyang, L. Zhang, Wu, C. Wang); the School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (C. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Wu, C. Wang); the Third People's Hospital of Mianyang, Youxian District, Mianyang, Sichuan, China (Yu); the Tianjin Anding Hospital, Hexi District, Tianjin, China (Long); the Xuzhou Oriental People's Hospital, Yunlong District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China (Liu); the First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Tianning District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (S. Wang).
  4. Congjie Zhang: From the Clinical Non-pharmacological Treatment Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (Xie, Wu, Li, Y. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Lv, P. Zhang, Liang, Ouyang, L. Zhang, Wu, C. Wang); the School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (C. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Wu, C. Wang); the Third People's Hospital of Mianyang, Youxian District, Mianyang, Sichuan, China (Yu); the Tianjin Anding Hospital, Hexi District, Tianjin, China (Long); the Xuzhou Oriental People's Hospital, Yunlong District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China (Liu); the First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Tianning District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (S. Wang).
  5. Yumin Zhang: From the Clinical Non-pharmacological Treatment Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (Xie, Wu, Li, Y. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Lv, P. Zhang, Liang, Ouyang, L. Zhang, Wu, C. Wang); the School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (C. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Wu, C. Wang); the Third People's Hospital of Mianyang, Youxian District, Mianyang, Sichuan, China (Yu); the Tianjin Anding Hospital, Hexi District, Tianjin, China (Long); the Xuzhou Oriental People's Hospital, Yunlong District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China (Liu); the First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Tianning District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (S. Wang).
  6. Yaming Hang: From the Clinical Non-pharmacological Treatment Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (Xie, Wu, Li, Y. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Lv, P. Zhang, Liang, Ouyang, L. Zhang, Wu, C. Wang); the School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (C. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Wu, C. Wang); the Third People's Hospital of Mianyang, Youxian District, Mianyang, Sichuan, China (Yu); the Tianjin Anding Hospital, Hexi District, Tianjin, China (Long); the Xuzhou Oriental People's Hospital, Yunlong District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China (Liu); the First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Tianning District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (S. Wang).
  7. Nan Lang: From the Clinical Non-pharmacological Treatment Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (Xie, Wu, Li, Y. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Lv, P. Zhang, Liang, Ouyang, L. Zhang, Wu, C. Wang); the School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (C. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Wu, C. Wang); the Third People's Hospital of Mianyang, Youxian District, Mianyang, Sichuan, China (Yu); the Tianjin Anding Hospital, Hexi District, Tianjin, China (Long); the Xuzhou Oriental People's Hospital, Yunlong District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China (Liu); the First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Tianning District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (S. Wang).
  8. Zhangwei Lv: From the Clinical Non-pharmacological Treatment Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (Xie, Wu, Li, Y. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Lv, P. Zhang, Liang, Ouyang, L. Zhang, Wu, C. Wang); the School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (C. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Wu, C. Wang); the Third People's Hospital of Mianyang, Youxian District, Mianyang, Sichuan, China (Yu); the Tianjin Anding Hospital, Hexi District, Tianjin, China (Long); the Xuzhou Oriental People's Hospital, Yunlong District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China (Liu); the First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Tianning District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (S. Wang).
  9. Pei Zhang: From the Clinical Non-pharmacological Treatment Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (Xie, Wu, Li, Y. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Lv, P. Zhang, Liang, Ouyang, L. Zhang, Wu, C. Wang); the School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (C. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Wu, C. Wang); the Third People's Hospital of Mianyang, Youxian District, Mianyang, Sichuan, China (Yu); the Tianjin Anding Hospital, Hexi District, Tianjin, China (Long); the Xuzhou Oriental People's Hospital, Yunlong District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China (Liu); the First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Tianning District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (S. Wang).
  10. Minlu Liang: From the Clinical Non-pharmacological Treatment Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (Xie, Wu, Li, Y. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Lv, P. Zhang, Liang, Ouyang, L. Zhang, Wu, C. Wang); the School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (C. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Wu, C. Wang); the Third People's Hospital of Mianyang, Youxian District, Mianyang, Sichuan, China (Yu); the Tianjin Anding Hospital, Hexi District, Tianjin, China (Long); the Xuzhou Oriental People's Hospital, Yunlong District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China (Liu); the First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Tianning District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (S. Wang).
  11. Bo Yu: From the Clinical Non-pharmacological Treatment Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (Xie, Wu, Li, Y. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Lv, P. Zhang, Liang, Ouyang, L. Zhang, Wu, C. Wang); the School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (C. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Wu, C. Wang); the Third People's Hospital of Mianyang, Youxian District, Mianyang, Sichuan, China (Yu); the Tianjin Anding Hospital, Hexi District, Tianjin, China (Long); the Xuzhou Oriental People's Hospital, Yunlong District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China (Liu); the First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Tianning District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (S. Wang).
  12. Jing Long: From the Clinical Non-pharmacological Treatment Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (Xie, Wu, Li, Y. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Lv, P. Zhang, Liang, Ouyang, L. Zhang, Wu, C. Wang); the School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (C. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Wu, C. Wang); the Third People's Hospital of Mianyang, Youxian District, Mianyang, Sichuan, China (Yu); the Tianjin Anding Hospital, Hexi District, Tianjin, China (Long); the Xuzhou Oriental People's Hospital, Yunlong District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China (Liu); the First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Tianning District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (S. Wang).
  13. Yuan Liu: From the Clinical Non-pharmacological Treatment Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (Xie, Wu, Li, Y. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Lv, P. Zhang, Liang, Ouyang, L. Zhang, Wu, C. Wang); the School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (C. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Wu, C. Wang); the Third People's Hospital of Mianyang, Youxian District, Mianyang, Sichuan, China (Yu); the Tianjin Anding Hospital, Hexi District, Tianjin, China (Long); the Xuzhou Oriental People's Hospital, Yunlong District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China (Liu); the First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Tianning District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (S. Wang).
  14. Suhong Wang: From the Clinical Non-pharmacological Treatment Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (Xie, Wu, Li, Y. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Lv, P. Zhang, Liang, Ouyang, L. Zhang, Wu, C. Wang); the School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (C. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Wu, C. Wang); the Third People's Hospital of Mianyang, Youxian District, Mianyang, Sichuan, China (Yu); the Tianjin Anding Hospital, Hexi District, Tianjin, China (Long); the Xuzhou Oriental People's Hospital, Yunlong District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China (Liu); the First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Tianning District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (S. Wang) chun_wang@njmu.edu.cn.
  15. Lichen Ouyang: From the Clinical Non-pharmacological Treatment Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (Xie, Wu, Li, Y. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Lv, P. Zhang, Liang, Ouyang, L. Zhang, Wu, C. Wang); the School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (C. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Wu, C. Wang); the Third People's Hospital of Mianyang, Youxian District, Mianyang, Sichuan, China (Yu); the Tianjin Anding Hospital, Hexi District, Tianjin, China (Long); the Xuzhou Oriental People's Hospital, Yunlong District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China (Liu); the First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Tianning District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (S. Wang).
  16. Liping Zhang: From the Clinical Non-pharmacological Treatment Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (Xie, Wu, Li, Y. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Lv, P. Zhang, Liang, Ouyang, L. Zhang, Wu, C. Wang); the School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (C. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Wu, C. Wang); the Third People's Hospital of Mianyang, Youxian District, Mianyang, Sichuan, China (Yu); the Tianjin Anding Hospital, Hexi District, Tianjin, China (Long); the Xuzhou Oriental People's Hospital, Yunlong District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China (Liu); the First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Tianning District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (S. Wang).
  17. Yun Wu: From the Clinical Non-pharmacological Treatment Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (Xie, Wu, Li, Y. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Lv, P. Zhang, Liang, Ouyang, L. Zhang, Wu, C. Wang); the School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (C. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Wu, C. Wang); the Third People's Hospital of Mianyang, Youxian District, Mianyang, Sichuan, China (Yu); the Tianjin Anding Hospital, Hexi District, Tianjin, China (Long); the Xuzhou Oriental People's Hospital, Yunlong District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China (Liu); the First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Tianning District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (S. Wang).
  18. Chun Wang: From the Clinical Non-pharmacological Treatment Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (Xie, Wu, Li, Y. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Lv, P. Zhang, Liang, Ouyang, L. Zhang, Wu, C. Wang); the School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (C. Zhang, Hang, Lang, Wu, C. Wang); the Third People's Hospital of Mianyang, Youxian District, Mianyang, Sichuan, China (Yu); the Tianjin Anding Hospital, Hexi District, Tianjin, China (Long); the Xuzhou Oriental People's Hospital, Yunlong District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China (Liu); the First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Tianning District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (S. Wang).
PMID: 40037660 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.240129

Abstract

BACKGROUND: nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is posited to arise from a complex interaction of biopsychosocial factors, with impulsivity playing a critical role. Given that current research on the neural mechanisms underlying this hypothesis remains inconsistent and limited in scope, we sought to explore how NSSI behaviours are associated with impulsivity resulting from structural brain alterations.
METHODS: We recruited patients with NSSI behaviours and healthy controls from 11 psychiatric hospitals. We assessed the differences in impulse control between the 2 groups using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale version 11 and the Attention Network Test. We also conducted -weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging. Finally, we analyzed the associations among brain structure, psychological characteristics, and self-injurious behaviour among patients with NSSI.
RESULTS: We included 293 patients with NSSI behaviours and 140 healthy controls. Among them, 182 patients with NSSI and 95 controls underwent the -weighted MRI and diffusion tensor imaging. patients with NSSI showed increased impulsivity and alerting function, with the strongest correlation between NSSI frequency and motor impulsivity. Compared with controls, patients with NSSI exhibited decreased grey matter volume and increased white matter volume, with no significant difference in cortical thickness. Pathway analysis demonstrated that motor impulsivity significantly mediated the association between white matter volume and the NSSI frequency in the right superior frontal gyrus and right inferior parietal lobe. When examining the connecting fibre tracts in the right frontoparietal area, patients with NSSI showed decreased integrity of white matter microstructure in the right cingulum, right superior corona radiata, and the splenium of the corpus callosum.
LIMITATIONS: Accurately measuring executive control linked to NSSI is challenging in cognitive behavioural tasks, as impulsive tendencies during NSSI occurrence are not effectively captured.
CONCLUSION: Our findings suggested that motor impulsivity, a prominent psychopathological characteristic of NSSI, is primarily modulated by the frontoparietal regions. These results provide empirical neuroimaging evidence for the impaired impulse control observed in NSSI.

References

  1. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2015 Aug;40(9):2248-57 [PMID: 25786581]
  2. PLoS One. 2021 Feb 25;16(2):e0247408 [PMID: 33630915]
  3. Hum Brain Mapp. 2009 Jan;30(1):24-37 [PMID: 17979124]
  4. Neuroimage. 2006 Jul 1;31(3):968-80 [PMID: 16530430]
  5. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2017 Dec;83:440-450 [PMID: 28928071]
  6. Life (Basel). 2021 Jul 22;11(8): [PMID: 34440473]
  7. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2013 Aug 1;45:165-9 [PMID: 23603064]
  8. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2020 Jan 1;206:107757 [PMID: 31805488]
  9. JAMA Psychiatry. 2016 May 1;73(5):435-6 [PMID: 26982348]
  10. Neurology. 2011 Apr 26;76(17):1492-9 [PMID: 21518999]
  11. Hum Brain Mapp. 2022 Feb 15;43(3):974-984 [PMID: 34816523]
  12. J Neurosci. 2009 Aug 12;29(32):10171-9 [PMID: 19675251]
  13. Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2014 Jun;44(3):273-303 [PMID: 24422986]
  14. Int J Psychophysiol. 2012 Aug;85(2):174-87 [PMID: 22659220]
  15. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2015 Jan;48:35-52 [PMID: 25446952]
  16. J Affect Disord. 2022 May 15;305:8-18 [PMID: 35181386]
  17. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Jun 26;104(26):11073-8 [PMID: 17576922]
  18. Neuroimage. 2022 Dec 1;264:119665 [PMID: 36202157]
  19. JAMA Netw Open. 2024 Jun 3;7(6):e2415436 [PMID: 38874927]
  20. J Psychiatr Res. 2022 Apr;148:1-8 [PMID: 35081485]
  21. Clin Psychol Rev. 2015 Jun;38:13-24 [PMID: 25779460]
  22. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2024 May;66(5):654-666 [PMID: 37899708]
  23. Front Psychiatry. 2021 Feb 05;12:608357 [PMID: 33613340]
  24. Neuroimage. 2005 Mar;25(1):267-77 [PMID: 15734361]
  25. Nature. 2023 May;617(7960):351-359 [PMID: 37076628]
  26. Neuron. 2012 Mar 8;73(5):1040-51 [PMID: 22405212]
  27. Nature. 2022 Apr;604(7906):525-533 [PMID: 35388223]
  28. Prog Neurobiol. 2013 Sep;108:44-79 [PMID: 23856628]
  29. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2018 Sep;92:104-127 [PMID: 29753752]
  30. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Nov 2;107(44):19067-72 [PMID: 20956328]
  31. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2015 Oct;57:381-91 [PMID: 26424412]
  32. PLoS One. 2017 Apr 19;12(4):e0176102 [PMID: 28423021]
  33. Compr Psychiatry. 2024 Aug;133:152487 [PMID: 38714144]
  34. Am J Psychiatry. 2000 Nov;157(11):1873-5 [PMID: 11058490]
  35. CNS Spectr. 2014 Feb;19(1):69-89 [PMID: 24512640]
  36. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging. 2018 Jul 30;277:28-38 [PMID: 29803001]
  37. Psychiatry Res. 2012 Jan 30;201(1):54-62 [PMID: 22285718]
  38. Brain Struct Funct. 2019 Mar;224(2):535-551 [PMID: 30392094]
  39. J Neurosci. 2014 Oct 29;34(44):14652-67 [PMID: 25355218]
  40. Brain Cogn. 2009 Jul;70(2):209-20 [PMID: 19269079]
  41. Psychiatry Res. 2012 Nov 30;200(1):20-5 [PMID: 22494705]
  42. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health. 2015 Jul 08;9:26 [PMID: 26157482]
  43. Psychiatr Q. 2018 Jun;89(2):417-426 [PMID: 29018995]
  44. Hum Brain Mapp. 2021 May;42(7):2214-2235 [PMID: 33599347]
  45. J Clin Psychol. 1995 Nov;51(6):768-74 [PMID: 8778124]
  46. Front Public Health. 2022 Oct 19;10:1014548 [PMID: 36339154]
  47. Hum Brain Mapp. 2016 Dec;37(12):4316-4332 [PMID: 27411386]
  48. Behav Brain Res. 2007 Jul 19;181(1):12-22 [PMID: 17467816]
  49. Psychopathology. 2009;42(1):32-9 [PMID: 19023232]
  50. Mol Psychiatry. 2020 Feb;25(2):408-427 [PMID: 31787757]
  51. Theranostics. 2022 Apr 24;12(7):3553-3573 [PMID: 35547763]
  52. Neuroimage Clin. 2024;44:103701 [PMID: 39500145]
  53. J Neurol Sci. 2011 Nov 15;310(1-2):202-7 [PMID: 21683964]
  54. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2012;35:73-89 [PMID: 22524787]
  55. IEEE Trans Med Imaging. 1998 Jun;17(3):463-8 [PMID: 9735909]
  56. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2015 Dec;16(12):719-32 [PMID: 26530468]
  57. Int J Psychophysiol. 2021 Apr;162:34-39 [PMID: 33497765]

MeSH Term

Humans
Self-Injurious Behavior
Male
Female
Diffusion Tensor Imaging
Adult
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Impulsive Behavior
Young Adult
Mediation Analysis
Gray Matter
White Matter
Brain
Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders
Journal Article

Word Cloud

Created with Highcharts 10.0.0NSSIpatientsimpulsivityrightcontrolscontrolimagingmatterbehavioursamongmotorvolumewhitestructuralbrainhealthy11impulse-weightedMRIdiffusiontensorshowedincreasedfrequencydecreasedanalysissuperiorfrontoparietalBACKGROUND:Nonsuicidalself-injurypositedarisecomplexinteractionbiopsychosocialfactorsplayingcriticalroleGivencurrentresearchneuralmechanismsunderlyinghypothesisremainsinconsistentlimitedscopesoughtexploreassociatedresultingalterationsMETHODS:recruitedpsychiatrichospitalsassesseddifferences2groupsusingBarrattImpulsivenessScaleversionAttentionNetworkTestalsoconductedmagneticresonanceFinallyanalyzedassociationsstructurepsychologicalcharacteristicsself-injuriousbehaviourRESULTS:included293140Among18295underwentPatientsalertingfunctionstrongestcorrelationComparedexhibitedgreysignificantdifferencecorticalthicknessPathwaydemonstratedsignificantlymediatedassociationfrontalgyrusinferiorparietallobeexaminingconnectingfibretractsareaintegritymicrostructurecingulumcoronaradiataspleniumcorpuscallosumLIMITATIONS:AccuratelymeasuringexecutivelinkedchallengingcognitivebehaviouraltasksimpulsivetendenciesoccurrenceeffectivelycapturedCONCLUSION:findingssuggestedprominentpsychopathologicalcharacteristicprimarilymodulatedregionsresultsprovideempiricalneuroimagingevidenceimpairedobservedImpulsedeficitsnonsuicidalself-injury:mediationbased

Similar Articles

Cited By

No available data.