Synbiotic combination of fructooligosaccharides and probiotics ameliorates the metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.
Sang Yoon Lee, Su-Been Lee, Goo-Hyun Kwon, Seol Hee Song, Jeong Ha Park, Min Ju Kim, Jung A Eom, Kyeong Jin Lee, Sang Jun Yoon, Hyunjoon Park, Sung-Min Won, Jin-Ju Jeong, Ki-Kwang Oh, Young Lim Ham, Gwang Ho Baik, Dong Joon Kim, Satya Priya Sharma, Ki Tae Suk
Author Information
Sang Yoon Lee: Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Republic of Korea.
Su-Been Lee: Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Republic of Korea.
Goo-Hyun Kwon: Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Republic of Korea.
Seol Hee Song: Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Republic of Korea.
Jeong Ha Park: Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Republic of Korea.
Min Ju Kim: Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Republic of Korea.
Jung A Eom: Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Republic of Korea.
Kyeong Jin Lee: Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Republic of Korea.
Sang Jun Yoon: Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Republic of Korea.
Hyunjoon Park: Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Republic of Korea.
Sung-Min Won: Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Republic of Korea.
Jin-Ju Jeong: Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Republic of Korea.
Ki-Kwang Oh: Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Republic of Korea.
Young Lim Ham: Department of Nursing Daewon University College, Jecheon 27135, Republic of Korea.
Gwang Ho Baik: Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Republic of Korea.
Dong Joon Kim: Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Republic of Korea.
Satya Priya Sharma: Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Republic of Korea.
Ki Tae Suk: Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Republic of Korea.
Synbiotics have become a new-age treatment tool for limiting the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; however, inclusive comparisons of various synbiotic treatments are still lacking. Here, we have explored and evaluated multiple synbiotic combinations incorporating three distinctive prebiotics, lactitol, lactulose and fructooligosaccharides. Of the synbiotic treatments evaluated, a combination of fructooligosaccharides and probiotics (FOS+Pro) exhibited superior protection against western diet-induced liver degeneration. This synbiotic (FOS+Pro) combination resulted in the lowest body weight gains, liver weights and liver/body weight ratios. The FOS+Pro synbiotic combination substantially alleviated liver histopathological markers and reduced serum AST and cholesterol levels. FOS+Pro ameliorated hepatic inflammation by lowering expression of proinflammatory markers including TNF-��, IL-1��, IL-6, and CCL2. FOS+Pro significantly improved steatosis by restricting the expression of lipid metabolic regulators (ACC1, FAS) and lipid transporters (CD36) in the liver. These findings are critical in suggesting that synbiotic treatments are capable of restraining western diet-induced metabolic dysfunction in the liver. Additionally, this study demonstrated that adding probiotic strains amplified the effectiveness of fructooligosaccharides but not all prebiotics.
