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Clinical otolaryngology : official journal of ENT-UK ; official journal of Netherlands Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology & Cervico-Facial Surgery
Mar 20, 2025;

Can Artificial Intelligence Software be Utilised for Thyroid Multi-Disciplinary Team Outcomes?

Amir Habeeb, Kim Hui Lim, Xenofon Kochilas, Nazir Bhat, Furrat Amen, Samuel Chan
Author Information
  1. Amir Habeeb: Academic Clinical Fellow Association, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. ORCID
  2. Kim Hui Lim: Ear, Nose and Throat Surgery Department, Peterborough City Hospital, Peterborough, UK.
  3. Xenofon Kochilas: Ear, Nose and Throat Surgery Department, Peterborough City Hospital, Peterborough, UK.
  4. Nazir Bhat: Ear, Nose and Throat Surgery Department, Peterborough City Hospital, Peterborough, UK.
  5. Furrat Amen: Ear, Nose and Throat Surgery Department, Peterborough City Hospital, Peterborough, UK.
  6. Samuel Chan: Ear, Nose and Throat Surgery Department, Peterborough City Hospital, Peterborough, UK.
PMID: 40109024 DOI: 10.1111/coa.14305

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: ChatGPT is one of the most publicly available artificial intelligence (AI) softwares. Ear, nose and throat (ENT) services are often stretched due to the increasing incidence of thyroid malignancies. This study aims to investigate whether there is a role for AI software in providing accurate thyroid multidisciplinary team (MDT) outcomes.
METHODS: A retrospective study looking at unique thyroid MDT outcomes between October 2023 and May 2024. ChatGPT-4TM was used to generate outcomes based on the British Thyroid Association (BTA) Guidelines for Management of Thyroid Cancer. Concordance levels were collected and analysed.
RESULTS: Thirty thyroid cases with a mean age of 58 (n = 24 female, n = 6 male) were discussed. The MDT's outcome had a 100% concordance with BTA Guidelines. When comparing ChatGPT-4TM and our MDT the highest level of concordance Y1 was seen in 67% of case while 13% of cases were completely discordant.
CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: AI is cheap, easy to use can optimise complex thyroid MDT decision making. This could free some clinicians allowing them to meet other demands of the ENT service. Some key issues are the inability to completely rely on the AI software for outcomes without being counterchecked by a clinician.

Keywords

artificial intelligence head and neck malignancy multidisciplinary team otorhinolaryngology outcomes thyroid

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