Background Polycystic ovary syndrome, or endocrine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS) as recently proposed by the Expert Group on Inositol in basic and clinical research and on PCOS (EGOI-PCOS), manifests as a series of metabolic and hormonal alterations, which are primarily suspected to be underpinned by an underlying metabolic problem. Several of these metabolic issues are shared with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), a separate but interrelated metabolic disorder typified by obesity, heightened glucose levels, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular risk factors. Objectives This review sets out to expand upon the interplay between endocrine Metabolic Syndrome and Metabolic Syndrome, defining the key characteristics of each condition prior to discussing treatment options that may benefit both sets of patients. Methods A narrative review of all the relevant papers in English language was conducted. Outcome Both endocrine Metabolic Syndrome and Metabolic Syndrome share common features such as obesity, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular risk factors, and thus can be treated in certain circumstances with similar therapeutic approaches. However, in both women and men Metabolic Syndrome does not feature alterations of androgen levels, as is the case with endocrine Metabolic Syndrome. Furthermore, these conditions tend to occur in different age groups, with Metabolic Syndrome primarily occurring during or after menopause, while endocrine Metabolic Syndrome.
