BACKGROUND: Episcleral plaque brachytherapy is a treatment method for ocular tumors that involves placing radionuclide sources directly on or around the tumor using an episcleral plaque. This technique offers the advantage of a highly focused radiation dose, minimizing exposure to critical eye structures. Various radionuclides such as I-125, Ru-106, and Pd-103 are used in ocular brachytherapy. The choice of radionuclides depends on several factors, such as tumor size, location, and desired dose rate.
METHODS: A retrospective review of the literature from PubMed (1998-2024).
RESULTS: Special emphasis is placed on indications for ocular brachytherapy and variations in treatment approaches for choroidal and retinal tumors. This article provides a comprehensive overview of ocular brachytherapy, focusing on its history, indications, technique, and complications. It also provides insight into new innovations in ocular brachytherapy.
CONCLUSION: This article highlights the indications for ocular brachytherapy in choroidal and retinal tumors and describes its complications. This review of the literature on synthesized variations in treatment approaches was conducted to identify the most commonly used management strategies.
