Glyphosate-based herbicide as a potential risk factor for breast cancer.
Lyvia Neves Rebello Alves, Luiza Poppe Merigueti, Matheus Correia Casotti, Bruno Cancian de Ara��jo, Raquel Silva Dos Reis Trabach, Maria do Carmo Pimentel Batitucci, D��bora Dummer Meira, Fl��via de Paula, Eldam��ria de Vargas Wolfgramm Dos Santos, I��ri Drumond Louro
Author Information
Lyvia Neves Rebello Alves: N��cleo de Gen��tica Humana e Molecular (NGHM), Departamento de Ci��ncias Biol��gicas, Universidade Federal do Esp��rito Santo (UFES), Vit��ria 29075-910, ES, Brazil; Programa de P��s-Gradua����o em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Esp��rito Santo (UFES), Vit��ria 29047-105, ES, Brazil. Electronic address: lyviarebello@gmail.com.
Luiza Poppe Merigueti: N��cleo de Gen��tica Humana e Molecular (NGHM), Departamento de Ci��ncias Biol��gicas, Universidade Federal do Esp��rito Santo (UFES), Vit��ria 29075-910, ES, Brazil. Electronic address: luizapoppe@gmail.com.
Matheus Correia Casotti: N��cleo de Gen��tica Humana e Molecular (NGHM), Departamento de Ci��ncias Biol��gicas, Universidade Federal do Esp��rito Santo (UFES), Vit��ria 29075-910, ES, Brazil; Programa de P��s-Gradua����o em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Esp��rito Santo (UFES), Vit��ria 29047-105, ES, Brazil. Electronic address: matheus.c.casotti@gmail.com.
Bruno Cancian de Ara��jo: N��cleo de Gen��tica Humana e Molecular (NGHM), Departamento de Ci��ncias Biol��gicas, Universidade Federal do Esp��rito Santo (UFES), Vit��ria 29075-910, ES, Brazil; Programa de P��s-Gradua����o em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Esp��rito Santo (UFES), Vit��ria 29047-105, ES, Brazil. Electronic address: chalcididae@gmail.com.
Raquel Silva Dos Reis Trabach: N��cleo de Gen��tica Humana e Molecular (NGHM), Departamento de Ci��ncias Biol��gicas, Universidade Federal do Esp��rito Santo (UFES), Vit��ria 29075-910, ES, Brazil. Electronic address: raquel.trabach@gmail.com.
Maria do Carmo Pimentel Batitucci: Programa de P��s-Gradua����o em Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal do Esp��rito Santo (UFES), Vit��ria 29075-910, ES, Brazil. Electronic address: docarmo_batitucci@yahoo.com.br.
D��bora Dummer Meira: N��cleo de Gen��tica Humana e Molecular (NGHM), Departamento de Ci��ncias Biol��gicas, Universidade Federal do Esp��rito Santo (UFES), Vit��ria 29075-910, ES, Brazil; Programa de P��s-Gradua����o em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Esp��rito Santo (UFES), Vit��ria 29047-105, ES, Brazil. Electronic address: debora.dummer.meira@gmail.com.
Fl��via de Paula: N��cleo de Gen��tica Humana e Molecular (NGHM), Departamento de Ci��ncias Biol��gicas, Universidade Federal do Esp��rito Santo (UFES), Vit��ria 29075-910, ES, Brazil; Programa de P��s-Gradua����o em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Esp��rito Santo (UFES), Vit��ria 29047-105, ES, Brazil. Electronic address: flapvit@yahoo.com.br.
Eldam��ria de Vargas Wolfgramm Dos Santos: N��cleo de Gen��tica Humana e Molecular (NGHM), Departamento de Ci��ncias Biol��gicas, Universidade Federal do Esp��rito Santo (UFES), Vit��ria 29075-910, ES, Brazil; Programa de P��s-Gradua����o em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Esp��rito Santo (UFES), Vit��ria 29047-105, ES, Brazil. Electronic address: eldamariavw@yahoo.com.br.
I��ri Drumond Louro: N��cleo de Gen��tica Humana e Molecular (NGHM), Departamento de Ci��ncias Biol��gicas, Universidade Federal do Esp��rito Santo (UFES), Vit��ria 29075-910, ES, Brazil; Programa de P��s-Gradua����o em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Esp��rito Santo (UFES), Vit��ria 29047-105, ES, Brazil. Electronic address: iurilouro@yahoo.com.
Breast cancer is the most common neoplasm in women worldwide, with both genetic and environmental factors playing a role in its development. Glyphosate, the active ingredient in widely used agricultural herbicides, is recognized as a potential carcinogen and endocrine disruptor, making it a candidate for inducing epigenetic modifications linked to breast cancer. This study investigates the effects of the glyphosate-based herbicide Roundup�� on non-tumorigenic (MCF10A) and tumorigenic (MCF7 and MDA-MB-231) breast cell lines, focusing on the expression of key breast cancer-related genes. Additionally, the study examines the association with epigenetic modifications and the use of epidrugs to reverse potential alterations, aiming to understand the risks and mechanisms of herbicide action. Results indicate that Roundup�� affects cells through a non-estrogenic mechanism, impacting both hormone-dependent and -independent cells with varying toxic and proliferative effects depending on dose and exposure time. Moreover, it altered the expression of breast cancer-related genes such as BRCA1 and BRCA2 at low doses. The use of epigenetic modulators was able to reverse some Roundup��-induced changes, suggesting the herbicide's role in epigenetic modifications. Overall, these findings highlight the importance of understanding glyphosate-based herbicide mechanisms in humans, which could enable personalized prevention strategies to mitigate breast cancer risks.
