The impact of geriatricians in the emergency department: A prospective observational study.

Anvesh Jackson, Reza Pazhang, Rosa C Gualano, Helen Psihogios, Rachel Rosler, Sumitha Bhaskaran
Author Information
  1. Anvesh Jackson: Aged and Rehabilitation Division, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
  2. Reza Pazhang: Aged and Rehabilitation Division, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
  3. Rosa C Gualano: Aged and Rehabilitation Division, Kingston Centre, Cheltenham, Victoria, Australia.
  4. Helen Psihogios: Department of Emergency Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
  5. Rachel Rosler: Department of Emergency Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
  6. Sumitha Bhaskaran: Aged and Rehabilitation Division, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the impacts of an emergency department (ED)-embedded geriatric service in redirecting older adults from an acute inpatient hospital admission through a targeted assessment by a geriatrician in ED (GED). Secondary aims were to describe the utilisation of local community health and outpatient services to successfully redirect older patients from an acute hospital admission and determine the re-attendance rates of patients to ED within 28���days after initial presentation.
METHODS: This was a prospective observational study performed in two stages due to COVID-19-related interruption. All referrals by ED physicians related to older adults with geriatric syndromes were reviewed by GED. Of these patients, those with a planned disposition for an inpatient admission were included in the primary and secondary analysis of this study.
RESULTS: A total of 273 patients were seen by GED. More than half of older adults (n���=���147) planned for inpatient admission were directly discharged from ED. The failure rate, defined by older adults re-presenting to ED within 28���days with the same initial complaint and needing hospital admission, totalled 4%. Comorbid frailty, cognitive impairment and polypharmacy were common.
CONCLUSION: Evaluation of older adults presenting to ED by a geriatrician facilitates safe hospital admission prevention.

Keywords

References

  1. Mazza D, Pearce C, Joe A, et al. Emergency department utilisation by older people in metropolitan Melbourne, 2008���12: findings from the reducing older patient's avoidable presentations for emergency care treatment (REDIRECT) study. Aust Health Rev. 2018;42(2):181���188.
  2. Burkett E, Martin���Khan MG, Scott J, Samanta M, Gray LC. Trends and predicted trends in presentations of older people to Australian emergency departments: effects of demand growth, population aging and climate change. Aust Health Rev. 2017;41(3):246���253.
  3. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Emergency Department Care 2017���18: Australian Hospital Statistics. Health services series no 89 cat no HSE 216. AIHW; 2018.
  4. Kee YY, Rippingale C. The prevalence and characteristic of patients with ���acopia���. Age Ageing. 2009;38(1):103���105.
  5. Rutschmann OT, Chevalley T, Zumwald C, Luthy C, Vermeulen B, Sarasin FP. Pitfalls in the emergency department triage of frail elderly patients without specific complaints. Swiss Med Wkly. 2005;135(9���10):145���150.
  6. Aminzadeh F, Dalziel WB. Older adults in the emergency department: a systematic review of patterns of use, adverse outcomes, and effectiveness of interventions. Ann Emerg Med. 2002;39(3):238���247.
  7. De Brauwer I, Cornette P, D'Hoore W, et al. Factors to improve quality for older patients in the emergency department: a qualitative study of patient trajectory. BMC Health Serv Res. 2021;21(1):965.
  8. Creditor MC. Hazards of hospitalization of the elderly. Ann Intern Med. 1993;118(3):219���223.
  9. Sir O, Hesselink G, Schoon Y, Olde Rikkert MGM. Dutch emergency physicians insufficiently educated in geriatric emergency medicine: results of a nationwide survey. Age Ageing. 2021;50(6):1997���2003.
  10. Devriendt E, De Brauwer I, Vandersaenen L, et al. Geriatric support in the emergency department: a national survey in Belgium. BMC Geriatr. 2017;17(1):68.
  11. Lai L, Wong R. Leading best practice: acute care for elders units (ACE)���evidence and keys to successful operation. Can Geriatr J CME. 2017;7:1���9.
  12. Wallis M, Marsden E, Taylor A, et al. The geriatric emergency department intervention model of care: a pragmatic trial. BMC Geriatr. 2018;18(1):297.
  13. Conroy SP, Ansari K, Williams M, et al. A controlled evaluation of comprehensive geriatric assessment in the emergency department: the ���Emergency Frailty Unit���. Age Ageing. 2014;43(1):109���114.
  14. Ellis G, Jamieson C���A, Alcorn M, Devlin V. An Acute Care for Elders (ACE) unit in the emergency department. Eur Geriatr Med. 2012;3(4):261���263.
  15. Huded JM, Lee A, Song S, et al. Association of a geriatric emergency department program with healthcare outcomes among veterans. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2022;70(2):601���608.
  16. Wright PN, Tan G, Iliffe S, Lee D. The impact of a new emergency admission avoidance system for older people on length of stay and same���day discharges. Age Ageing. 2014;43(1):116���121.
  17. Hodkinson HM. Evaluation of a mental test score for assessment of mental impairment in the elderly. Age Ageing. 1972;1(4):233���238.
  18. Rockwood K, Song X, MacKnight C, et al. A global clinical measure of fitness and frailty in elderly people. CMAJ. 2005;173(5):489���495.
  19. American Geriatrics Society Beers Criteria Update Expert Panel. American Geriatrics Society 2023 updated AGS Beers Criteria(R) for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2023;71(7):2052���2081.
  20. Jones S, Wallis P. Effectiveness of a geriatrician in the emergency department in facilitating safe admission prevention of older patients. Clin Med (Lond). 2013;13(6):561���564.
  21. Arendts G, Fitzhardinge S, Pronk K, Donaldson M, Hutton M, Nagree Y. The impact of early emergency department allied health intervention on admission rates in older people: a non���randomized clinical study. BMC Geriatr. 2012;12:8.
  22. Sophia R, Bashir WA. A geriatrician in the emergency department. Geriatr Med J. 2014;12(44):32���34.
  23. Tan KM, Lannon R, O'Keeffe L, et al. Geriatric medicine in the emergency department. Ir Med J. 2012;105(8):271���274.
  24. Safer Care Victoria. Delirium Evaluation in the Timely Delivery of Emergency Care Trial ��� Phase 1. Safer Care Victoria; 2024.
  25. Lee S, Gottlieb M, Mulhausen P, et al. Recognition, prevention, and treatment of delirium in emergency department: an evidence���based narrative review. Am J Emerg Med. 2020;38(2):349���357.
  26. Kolk D, Kruiswijk AF, MacNeil���Vroomen JL, Ridderikhof ML, Buurman BM. Older patients' perspectives on factors contributing to frequent visits to the emergency department: a qualitative interview study. BMC Public Health. 2021;21(1):1709.
  27. Phelps K, Regen E, van Oppen JD, et al. What are the goals of care for older people living with frailty when they access urgent care? Are those goals attained? A qualitative view of patient and carer perspectives. Int Emerg Nurs. 2022;63:101189.

MeSH Term

Humans
Emergency Service, Hospital
Aged
Male
Female
Prospective Studies
COVID-19
Aged, 80 and over
Geriatricians
Geriatric Assessment
SARS-CoV-2
Patient Admission
Patient Readmission

Word Cloud

Created with Highcharts 10.0.0EDolderadmissionadultshospitalstudypatientsemergencygeriatricinpatientGEDprimaryserviceacuteassessmentgeriatricianwithin28���daysinitialprospectiveobservationalplannedfrailtypolypharmacyOBJECTIVES:aimevaluateimpactsdepartment-embeddedredirectingtargetedSecondaryaimsdescribeutilisationlocalcommunityhealthoutpatientservicessuccessfullyredirectdeterminere-attendanceratespresentationMETHODS:performedtwostagesdueCOVID-19-relatedinterruptionreferralsphysiciansrelatedsyndromesrevieweddispositionincludedsecondaryanalysisRESULTS:total273seenhalfn���=���147directlydischargedfailureratedefinedre-presentingcomplaintneedingtotalled4%ComorbidcognitiveimpairmentcommonCONCLUSION:Evaluationpresentingfacilitatessafepreventionimpactgeriatriciansdepartment:

Similar Articles

Cited By

No available data.