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Mar 27, 2025;

Application of Optogenetic Neuromodulation in Regulating Depression.

Jin Zhang, Xiang Peng, Man Li, Xiao-Ming Zhang, Hong-Chun Xiang
Author Information
  1. Jin Zhang: College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China.
  2. Xiang Peng: Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
  3. Man Li: Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. liman73@mails.tjmu.edu.cn.
  4. Xiao-Ming Zhang: College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China. zhangxmzj@aliyun.com.
  5. Hong-Chun Xiang: Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China. hcxiang@hust.edu.cn. ORCID
PMID: 40146525 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-025-00037-z

Abstract

Depression is a multifaceted disorder with a largely unresolved etiology influenced by a complex interplay of pathogenic factors. Despite decades of research, it remains a major condition that significantly diminishes patients' quality of life. Advances in optogenetics have introduced a powerful tool for exploring the neural mechanisms underlying depression. By selectively expressing optogenes in specific cell types in mice, researchers can study the roles of these cells through targeted light stimulation, offering new insights into central nervous system disorders. The use of viral vectors to express opsins in distinct neuronal subtypes enables precise activation or inhibition of these neurons via light. When combined with behavioral, morphological, and electrophysiological analyses, optogenetics provides an invaluable approach to investigating the neural mechanisms of psychiatric conditions. This review synthesizes current research on the application of optogenetics to understand the mechanisms of depression. This study aims to enhance our knowledge of optogenetic strategies for regulating depression and advancing antidepressant research.

Keywords

Depression Depressive-like behaviors Major depressive disorder Neuromodulation Optogenetics

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Grants

  1. 82305049/NATURAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION OF CHINA
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