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Gallus gallus

Basic Information

Gallus gallus
Accession: ICG00148
Latin Name: Gallus gallus
Common Name: Chicken
Taxonomy ID: 9031
Description: Gallus gallus is a tropical member of the family Phasianidae, it is the primary progenitor of the domestic chicken. The red junglefowl was first domesticated at least five thousand years ago in Asia. Since then it has spread around the world, and the domestic form is kept globally as a productive food source of both meat and eggs. Gallus gallus is an important model organism that bridges the evolutionary gap between mammals and other vertebrates and serves as the main laboratory model for the approximately 9,600 extant avian species.

Gene Summary

mRNA

ICG00148-1
TBP GAPDH r28S
ICG00148-2
ACTB HPRT1 HMBS
ICG00148-3
HMBS HPRT1
ICG00148-4
18SrRNA ACTB HMBS RPL13 RPL32 TBP TFRC YWHAZ HPRT1
ICG00148-5
B2M RPL32 TBP YWHAZ

Studies (5)

ICG00148-1

Tissues

Internal Control Genes

Gene Symbol Gene Model Application Scenario Accession Number Primers(5' - 3')
(Forward/Reverse)		 Size (bp) Annealing Temperature Detection
TBP TATA-binding Protein
Lymph
 AF221563
F: AGCTCTGGGATAGTGCCACAG
R: ATAATAACAGCAGCAAAACGCTTG
 134 60 SYBR
GAPDH Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase
Lymph
 AF047874
F: GAAGGCTGGGGCTCATCTG
R: CAGTTGGTGGTGCACGATG
 150 60 SYBR
r28S Ribosomal Protein S28
Lymph
 FM165415
F: GGCGAAGCCAGAGGAAACT
R: GACGACCGATTTGCACGTC
 62 60 SYBR

Molecular Types:

mRNA

Evaluation Methods

geNorm
NormFinder
BestKeeper

Contact

Name: D. Borowska
Email: dominika.borowska@roslin.ed.ac.uk
Institution: The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, United Kingdom

Reference

Identification of stable reference genes for quantitative PCR in cells derived from chicken lymphoid organs.
Borowska D, Rothwell L, Bailey RA, Watson K, Kaiser P.
Veterinary immunology and immunopathology. 2016-01-06
Created with Highcharts 10.0.0TBPGAPDHr28SLymphqPCRgenesTissuesreferencegeneexpressionRNAresultsstudycellschickenlymphoidtissuesthreegeNormNormFinderBestKeepernormalisationQuantitativepolymerasechainreactionpowerfultechniquequantificationespeciallyinvolvedimmuneresponsesAlthoughefficientsensitivetoolvariationsenzymaticefficiencyqualitypresenceinhibitorscanleaderrorsThereforeneedsnormalisedobtainreliableallowcomparisoncommonapproachuseinternalcontrolsanalysessevenincludingβ-actinACTBβ-2-microglobulinB2Mglyceraldehyde-3-phosphatedehydrogenaseβ-glucuronidaseGUSBTATAboxbindingproteinα-tubulinTUBAT28SribosomaldeterminedisolatedstimulateddifferentmitogensstabilitymeasuredusingsoftwarestablyexpressedpanelgenerateclearanswershighlyheterogeneoussamplesetBaseddatawillincludefutureshowsimportanceappropriateanalysisIdentificationstablequantitativePCRderivedorgans.

ICG00148-2

Tissues
Abiotic Stresses

Internal Control Genes

Gene Symbol Gene Model Application Scenario Accession Number Primers(5' - 3')
(Forward/Reverse)		 Size (bp) Annealing Temperature Detection
ACTB Actin
Embryo Fibroblast
Ndv Treatment Over 73 H
 L08165
F: CAGACATCAGGGTGTGATGG
R: TCAGGGGCTACTCTCAGCTC
 183 55 - 65 SYBR
HPRT1 Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase
Embryo Fibroblast
Ndv Treatment Over 73 H
 NM_204848
F: TGGTGGGGATGACCTCTCAA
R: GGCCGATATCCCACACTTCG
 177 55 - 65 SYBR
HMBS Hydroxymethylbilane Synthase
Embryo Fibroblast
Ndv Treatment Over 73 H
 XM_417846
F: GGCTGGGAGAATCGCATAGG
R: GGCCGATATCCCACACTTCG
 131 55 - 65 SYBR

Molecular Types:

mRNA

Evaluation Methods

geNorm
NormFinder

Contact

Name: Zhuang Ding
Email: renfu.yin@helmholtz-muenchen.de
Institution: Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Road 5333, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China

Reference

Systematic selection of housekeeping genes for gene expression normalization in chicken embryo fibroblasts infected with Newcastle disease virus.
Yin R, Liu X, Liu C, Ding Z, Zhang X, Tian F, Liu W, Yu J, Li L, Hrabé de Angelis M, Stoeger T.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications. 2011-09-06
Created with Highcharts 10.0.0ACTBHPRT1HMBSEmbryo FibroblastNdv Treatment Over 73 HTissuesAbiotic StressesHKGsgeneexpressioninfection18SRNAGAPDHanalysisusedSHDApopulargenesselectionchickenembryofibroblastsinfectednormalizationsignificantGenefrequentlyanalyzeresponseviralrepresenthousekeepingoftennormalizedescribefirstsystematicevaluationsuitableCEFNDVadaptedguidelinesGorzelniakFergusonresultsindicatevaluablestableconsiderablyregulatedcoursethusprecludedNormalizingdependentIFN-aindependentB2MinappropriateconsequentlymisleadserrorsestimatingregulationsstudyemphasizesevenlikecanleaddivergentinaccuratedatainterpretationmagnitudecarefullyanalyzedstabilitySystematichousekeepingNewcastlediseasevirus.

ICG00148-3

Tissues
After Vaccination
Biotic Stresses

Internal Control Genes

Gene Symbol Gene Model Application Scenario Accession Number Primers(5' - 3')
(Forward/Reverse)		 Size (bp) Annealing Temperature Detection
HMBS Hydroxymethylbilane Synthase
Vaccination
Marek'S Disease
Newcastle Disease
Muscle
 -
F: TGACCTGGTAGTTCACTCCTT
R: TTGCAAATAGCACCAATGGTAAAG
 75 60 SYBR
HPRT1 Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase
Vaccination
Marek'S Disease
Newcastle Disease
Muscle
 -
F: GCACTATGACTCTACCGACTATTG
R: CAGTTCTGGGTTGATGAGGTT
 112 60 SYBR

Molecular Types:

mRNA

Evaluation Methods

geNorm
NormFinder
BestKeeper

Contact

Name: Marcio S. Duarte
Email: marcio.duarte@ufv.br
Institution: Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Reference

Identification of Suitable Reference Genes for Real Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Assays on Pectoralis major Muscle in Chicken (Gallus gallus ).
Nascimento CS, Barbosa LT, Brito C, Fernandes RP, Mann RS, Pinto AP, Oliveira HC, Dodson MV, Guimarães SE, Duarte MS.
PloS one. 2015-05-28
Created with Highcharts 10.0.0HMBSHPRT1MuscleVaccinationMarek'S DiseaseNewcastle DiseasegenesTissuesAfter VaccinationBiotic StressesexpressionreferencegenemusclePectoralismajorchickensdifferentstabilityusedresultssamplesobtainedchickenstableThirteeninvestigateddeterminehousekeepingstudiesskeletalFivealgorithmsrankingsuggestedindividualrankingsdifferedamongvalidatedusingSamplesdevelopmentperiodsposthatchnutritionaldietscalculationΔΔCtapproachappliedcomparerelativepairswithin52normalizedmitochondriallyencodedcytochromecoxidaseIIMT-CO2targetfindingsshowedhydroxymethylbilanesynthasehypoxanthinephosphoribosyltransferase1transferrinreceptorTFRCbeta-2-microglobulinB2MrankedleastMoreoverrevealedchangeduedietaryvariationsthusrecommendedaccuratenormalizationRT-qPCRdataIdentificationSuitableReferenceGenesRealTimeQuantitativePolymeraseChainReactionAssaysChickenGallusgallus.

ICG00148-4

Pulmonary Hypertensive Model
Tissues
Non-Cancer Disease Studies

Internal Control Genes

Gene Symbol Gene Model Application Scenario Accession Number Primers(5' - 3')
(Forward/Reverse)		 Size (bp) Annealing Temperature Detection
18SrRNA 18S Ribosomal RNA
Heart
Lung
Ph Disease
 HQ873432.1
F: ATGGTGACCACGGGTAACGG
R: GCTGCCTTCCTTGGATGTGG
 84 63 SYBR
ACTB Actin
Heart
Lung
Ph Disease
 NM 205518.1
F: AGCGAACGCCCCCAAAGTTCT
R: AGCTGGGCTGTTGCCTTCACA
 139 63 SYBR
HMBS Hydroxymethylbilane Synthase
Heart
Lung
Ph Disease
 XM 417846.5
F: CATAGGTCAGCTCCTGAGCCC
R: CCCATCCTGCAGGGCAGATAC
 121 63 SYBR
RPL13 Ribosomal Protein L12
Heart
Lung
Ph Disease
 NM 204999.1
F: GGCCCGTGTTATCTCAGAGG
R: GGATCCCAAAGAGACGAGCG
 89 63 SYBR
RPL32 Protein Phosphatase
Heart
Lung
Ph Disease
 NM 001252255.1
F: GCAGGTCCTGTCAGCTTCGT
R: GGCGTCTCGGGAGAATGGAT
 76 63 SYBR
TBP TATA-binding Protein
Heart
Lung
Ph Disease
 NM 205103.1
F: CCATTGCACTTCGTGCCC
R: GCCAGTCTGGACTGTTCCTC
 154 63 SYBR
TFRC Transferrin Receptor
Heart
Lung
Ph Disease
 NM 205256.2
F: GGACCGCCTGTCATCTTCTGG
R: GCCTCACCAGCCTCAAAGGAG
 122 63 SYBR
YWHAZ Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/Tryptophan 5-Monooxygenase Activation Protein Zeta Polypeptide
Heart
Lung
Ph Disease
 NM 001031343.1
F: AGGAGCCGAGCTGTCCAATG
R: CTCCAAGATGACCTACGGGCTC
 84 63 SYBR
HPRT1 Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase
Heart
Lung
Ph Disease
 NM 204848.1
F: CGCTCCATGGCGACTCACA
R: GCCAGTCTCTCTGTCCTGTCC
 155 63 SYBR

Molecular Types:

mRNA

Evaluation Methods

geNorm
NormFinder
BestKeeper

Contact

Name: H. Hassanpour
Email: Hassanpour-h@vet.sku.ac.ir
Institution: Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, 34141-88186 Iran

Reference

Identification of reliable reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR in lung and heart of pulmonary hypertensive chickens.
Hassanpour H, Bahadoran S, Farhadfar F, Chamali ZF, Nazari H, Kaewduangta W.
Poultry science. 2018-11-01
Created with Highcharts 10.0.0HeartLungPh DiseaseHMBSRPL13YWHAZ18SrRNAACTBTFRCRPL32TBPHPRT1pulmonaryPulmonary Hypertensive ModelTissuesNon-Cancer Disease Studiesreferencegenesgenehypertensivechickenslungheartquantitativestableventriclenormalizationreal-timePCRspanelrighthealthy42dageusedhypertensionincludedcombinationHBRT1Accurateimportantstepquantificationtranscriptionpatternproperapplicationcrucialidentify9typicalcandidateexpressiondeterminedcold-inducedBestKeepergeNormNormFindersoftwareprogramsanalyzesetAlsoratiototalindexinducedincreasedcold-treatedcomparedcontrolCandidaterankingvsindividualsTBP;RPL32;heart-lungoverallresultsshowedrespectivelyadditionrecommendedaccuratedatachickenIdentificationreliablechickens.

ICG00148-5

Tissues
Non-Cancer Disease Studies

Internal Control Genes

Gene Symbol Gene Model Application Scenario Accession Number Primers(5' - 3')
(Forward/Reverse)		 Size (bp) Annealing Temperature Detection
B2M Microglobulin
Abdominal Fat
 -
F: GTGCTGGTGACCCTGGTG
R: CAGTTGAGGACGTTCTTGGTG
 113 60 SYBR
RPL32 Protein Phosphatase
Breast
Abdominal Fat
Across-Tissue Studies
 -
F: ATGGGAGCAACAAGAAGACG
R: TTGGAAGACACGTTGTGAGC
 139 60 SYBR
TBP TATA-binding Protein
Thigh
Liver
 -
F: CCGGAATCATGGATCAGAAC
R: GGAATTCCAGGAGTCATTGC
 85 60 SYBR
YWHAZ Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/Tryptophan 5-Monooxygenase Activation Protein Zeta Polypeptide
Thigh
Liver
Breast
 -
F: TTGCTGCTGGAGATGACAAG
R: CTTCTTGATACGCCTGTTG
 61 60 SYBR

Molecular Types:

mRNA

Evaluation Methods

geNorm
NormFinder
BestKeeper

Contact

Name: R.N. Pena
Email: romi.pena@prodan.udl.cat
Institution: University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain

Reference

Investigating reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR analysis across four chicken tissues.
Bagés S, Estany J, Tor M, Pena RN.
Gene. 2015-02-11
Created with Highcharts 10.0.0RPL32YWHAZB2MTBPAbdominal FatBreastThighLiveranalysisreferencegenesAcross-Tissue StudiesTissuesNon-Cancer Disease StudiesPCRchickenusedquantitativefatnormalizationdifferentonemaintranscriptomicsuitablepectoralismajorbicepsfemorisliverabdominalcombinationrankingtoolstudiesresultstargetgeneAccuratedatarequiredcorrectefficiencieserrorsprocessingsamplesreversetranscriptionlivestockspeciesgenomefirstreportedlargescaleDespiteinvestigatedregardingidentificationgrowthfatteningstudyfivecandidateSDHAevaluateddeterminestableinternaltwocommercialmusclesbreastthighFourstatisticalmethodsgeNormNormFinderCVBestKeeperevaluationAdditionallycomprehensiveestablishedRefFinderidentifiedrecommendedacross-tissuefinalchangedslightlyoverallparticularlyabilitydiscardleastrobustcandidatesconsistenttoolsselectionnumbervalidatedusingSCDrelatedmetabolismOverallcandirectlyquantitateexpressiontissuesvalidationlargerexperimentsInvestigatingreal-timeacrossfourtissues.