The detail information of Epilepsy
Basic Information

Disease Ontology ID: DDTO:0000376

Disease Description: A disease characterized by convulsions (seizures) and/or disturbances of consciousness.

Inherit Mode: -

Disease Symptom: There are many different types of seizures in dogs. The most common is the generalized major motor seizure, characterized by paddling of the limbs.The dog may cry, bark or whine during the seizure, and it may snap or bite, not quite fully aware of its surroundings.Urination and defecation are common during a generalized seizure. Post seizural signs may last from a few minutes to an hour. A brief seizure, called the 'absence seizure', may last for only seconds, during which the dog may just seem to be staring into space.

Disease Cause: -

Disease Diagnose: Diagnosing epilepsy in dogs is difficult. It begins by attempting to rule out other causes for the seizures. Some cases of epileptic seizures have a specific structural cause. The age of onset, breed, weight, historical findings, and neurological exam findings are important in estimating the likelihood that there is a structural problem and therefore a specific treatment and prognosis.

Treat Method: Immediately after a seizure, the dog should be handled with caution. The dog likely will pant after a seizure, due to heat generated by the intense brain activity and seizure. Cool, wet compresses place at the base of the skull and in the groin area will help decrease the body temperature. The dog should be offered a drink of water, but should not be left unattended with a water bowl.

Breeder Advice: -

Disease Description Source: Link

Associated Diseases
Disease Name Other Name Mode of inheritance Link ID Possible OMIM ID Gene
Epilepsy - Multifactorial -
Epilepsy, benign familial juvenile Benign Familial Juvenile Epilepsy; also known as remitting focal epilepsy Autosomal Recessive - -
Epilepsy, generalized myoclonic, with photosensitivity - Autosomal Recessive - -
Associated Breeds
iDog Breed Number Breed Name Personality Height Weight Breed Source
CB15 Australian Cattle Dog Alert, curious, and pleasant 45.7-50.8 cm (male), 43.2-48.3 cm (female) 15.9-22.7 kg Australia
CB23 Bavarian Mountain Scent Hound Loyal, Versatile, Reserved with Strangers 17-20.5 inches 37-66 pound
CB25 Bearded Collie Bouncy, charismatic, friendly; smart, but also stubborn and independent 53.3-55.9 cm (male), 50.8-53.3 cm (female) 20.4-24.9 kg United Kingdom (Scotland)
CB30 Belgian Shepherd Dog Serious-minded, watchful, and very bright and trainable 61-66 cm (male), 55.9-61 cm (female) 24.9-34 kg (male), 20.4-27.2 kg (female) Belgium
CB31 Belgian Tervuren Smart, self-assured, very trainable; affectionate and possessive with loved ones 61-66 cm (male), 55.9-61 cm (female) 24.9-34 kg (male), 20.4-27.2 kg (female) Belgium
CB32 Bergamasco Shepherd Dog Eager to please, very smart, and an indpendent problem solver; patient but protective 59.7 cm (male), 55.9 cm (female) 31.8-38.1 kg (male), 25.9-32.2 kg (female) Italy
CB36 Biewer Terrier Intelligent, Devoted, Amusing 7-11 inches 4-8 pounds
CB44 Border Terrier Plucky, happy, affectionate 30.5-38.1 cm 5.9-7 kg (male), 5.2-6.4 kg (female) United Kingdom (Scotland, England)
CB78 Cocker Spaniel Happy, smart, gentle 36.8-39.4 cm (male), 34.3-36.8 cm (female) 11.3-13.6 kg (male), 9.1-11.3 kg (female)
CB80 Coton de Tulear Bright, happy-go-lucky, endlessly charming; born to love and to be loved 25.4-27.9 cm (male), 22.9-25.4 cm (female) 4.1-6.8 kg (male), 3.6-5.9 kg (female) Madagascar
CB98 English Toy Spaniel Affectionate, Alert, Merry 22.9-25.4 cm 3.6-6.4 kg England
CB111 German Short-Haired Pointer Friendly, smart, willing to please 58.4-63.5 cm (male), 53.3-58.4 cm (female) 24.9-31.8 kg (male), 20.4-27.2 kg (female) Germany
CB123 Hamiltonstovare(Hamilton Hound) Agile, Versatile, Regal 53-61cm (male) 49-57cm (female) 18-26kg Sweden
CB132 Irish Terrier Bold, dashing, even reckless; stouthearted at work, tenderhearted at home 45.7 cm 12.2 kg (male), 11.3 kg (female) Ireland
CB136 German Jagdterrier Courageous, Intelligent, Hardworking 33-40cm 7.7-9.9kg Germany
CB142 Irish Blue Terrier Smart and alert; people oriented, with a dash of Irish humor in his heart 45.7-49.5 cm (male), 44.5-48.3 cm (female) 15-18.1 kg (male), females weigh slightly less than males Ireland
CB148 Lagotto Romagnolo(Romagna Water Dog) Easygoing, affectionate, and eager to please 43.2-48.3 cm (male), 40.6-45.7 cm (female) 12.9-15.9 kg (male), 10.9-14.1 kg (female) Italy
CB180 Perro de Presa Canario(Canary Mastiff) Confident, Calm, Strong-Willed 22-26 inches 84-110 pounds Spain
CB186 Polish Lowland Shepherd Dog Lively, clever, confident; very loyal, but an independent worker 45.7-50.8 cm (male), 43.2-48.3 cm (female) 13.6-22.7 kg Poland
CB197 Hungarian Puli Loyal, smart, home-loving; strong-willed but trainable 43.2 cm (male), 40.6 cm (female) 11.3-15.9 kg Hungary
CB233 Stabyhoun Friendly, sensitive, intelligent, peaceful, patient, and willing to please, but may be stubborn on occasion Netherlands
CB252 Weimaraner Friendly, fearless, alert, obedient 63.5-68.6 cm (male), 58.4-63.5 cm (female) 31.8-40.8 kg (male), 24.9-34 kg (female) Germany
CB268 Miniature Poodle Intelligent, Eager-to-please , Charming companion 25-38 cm 4.5-6.8kg France&Germany
CB269 Standard Poodle Intelligent and quick-to-please 56-66 cm
CB270 Toy Poodle Intelligent, eager to please, quick to learn and an affectionate, loyal pet. under 25 cm
Associated Disease Variants from OMIA
Gene Differential Expression
References
2021 Hytönen,M.K.,Sarviaho,R.,Jackson,C.B.,Syrjä,P.,Jokinen,T.,Matiasek,K.,Rosati,M.,Dallabona,C.,Baruffini,E.,Quintero,I.,Arumilli,M.,Monteuuis,G.,Donner,J.,Anttila,M.,Suomalainen,A.,Bindoff,L.A.,Lohi,H.: :
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2020 Belanger,J.M.,Famula,T.R.,Gershony,L.C.,Palij,M.K.,Oberbauer,A.M.: :
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2019 VanMeervenne,S.,Volk,H.A.,Verhoeven,P.S.,VanHam,L.,O'Neill,D.G.: :
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2018 Hartmann,A.,vonKlopmann,C.,Lautenschläger,I.E.,Scholz,V.B.,Schmidt,M.J.: :
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2018 Wielaender,F.,James,F.M.K.,Cortez,M.A.,Kluger,G.,Neßler,J.N.,Tipold,A.,Lohi,H.,Fischer,A.: :
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2017 Belanger,J.M.,Bellumori,T.P.,Bannasch,D.L.,Famula,T.R.,Oberbauer,A.M.: :
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2017 Wielaender,F.,Sarviaho,R.,James,F.,Hytönen,M.K.,Cortez,M.A.,Kluger,G.,Koskinen,L.L.,Arumilli,M.,Kornberg,M.,Bathen-Noethen,A.,Tipold,A.,Rentmeister,K.,Bhatti,S.F.,Hülsmeyer,V.,Boettcher,I.C.,Tästensen,C.,Flegel,T.,Dietschi,E.,Leeb,T.,Matiasek,K.,Fischer,A.,Lohi,H.: :
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2016 Hasegawa,D.: :
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2016 Hayward,J.J.,Castelhano,M.G.,Oliveira,K.C.,Corey,E.,Balkman,C.,Baxter,T.L.,Casal,M.L.,Center,S.A.,Fang,M.,Garrison,S.J.,Kalla,S.E.,Korniliev,P.,Kotlikoff,M.I.,Moise,N.S.,Shannon,L.M.,Simpson,K.W.,Sutter,N.B.,Todhunter,R.J.,Boyko,A.R.: :
Complex disease and phenotype mapping in the domestic dog. Nat Commun 7:10460, 2016.
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2016 Kirkham,E.: :
Study on epilepsy in the Italian spinone. Vet Rec 178:146, 2016.
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2016 Packer,R.M.,Law,T.H.,Davies,E.,Zanghi,B.,Pan,Y.,Volk,H.A.: :
Effects of a ketogenic diet on ADHD-like behavior in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 55:62-8, 2016.
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2016 Packer,R.M.,Lucas,R.,Volk,H.A.: :
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2016 Packer,R.M.,Shihab,N.K.,Torres,B.B.,Volk,H.A.: :
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2016 Uriarte,A.,MaestroSaiz,I.: :
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2016 Uriarte,A.,MaestroSaiz,I.: :
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2015 Heske,L.,Körberg,I.B.,Nødtvedt,A.,Jäderlund,K.H.: :
Clinical characteristics of epilepsy of unknown origin in the Rottweiler breed. Acta Vet Scand 57:75, 2015.
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2015 Koskinen,L.L.,Seppälä,E.H.,Belanger,J.M.,Arumilli,M.,Hakosalo,O.,Jokinen,P.,Nevalainen,E.M.,Viitmaa,R.,Jokinen,T.S.,Oberbauer,A.M.,Lohi,H.: :
Identification of a common risk haplotype for canine idiopathic epilepsy in the ADAM23 gene. BMC Genomics 16:465, 2015.
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2015 Oberbauer,A.M.,Belanger,J.M.,Bellumori,T.,Bannasch,D.L.,Famula,T.R.: :
Ten inherited disorders in purebred dogs by functional breed groupings. Canine Genet Epidemiol 2:9, 2015.
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2015 Packer,R.M.,Nye,G.,Porter,S.E.,Volk,H.A.: :
Assessment into the usage of levetiracetam in a canine epilepsy clinic. BMC Vet Res 11:25, 2015.
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2015 Rusbridge,C.,Long,S.,Jovanovik,J.,Milne,M.,Berendt,M.,Bhatti,S.F.,DeRisio,L.,Farqhuar,R.G.,Fischer,A.,Matiasek,K.,Muñana,K.,Patterson,E.E.,Pakozdy,A.,Penderis,J.,Platt,S.,Podell,M.,Potschka,H.,Stein,V.M.,Tipold,A.,Volk,H.A.: :
International Veterinary Epilepsy Task Force recommendations for a veterinary epilepsy-specific MRI protocol. BMC Vet Res 11:194, 2015.
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2014 Charalambous,M.,Brodbelt,D.,Volk,H.A.: :
Treatment in canine epilepsy - a systematic review. BMC Vet Res 10:257, 2014.
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2014 Gindiciosi,B.,Palus,V.,Eminaga,S.,Villiers,E.,BrutoCherubini,G.: :
Serum bromide concentrations following loading dose in epileptic dogs. J Small Anim Pract :, 2014.
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2014 Heske,L.,Berendt,M.,Jäderlund,K.H.,Egenvall,A.,Nødtvedt,A.: :
Validation of the diagnosis canine epilepsy in a Swedish animal insurance database against practice records. Prev Vet Med 114:145-50, 2014.
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2014 Heske,L.,Nødtvedt,A.,Jäderlund,K.H.,Berendt,M.,Egenvall,A.: :
A cohort study of epilepsy among 665,000 insured dogs: incidence, mortality and survival after diagnosis. Vet J 202:471-6, 2014.
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2014 Howbert,J.J.,Patterson,E.E.,Stead,S.M.,Brinkmann,B.,Vasoli,V.,Crepeau,D.,Vite,C.H.,Sturges,B.,Ruedebusch,V.,Mavoori,J.,Leyde,K.,Sheffield,W.D.,Litt,B.,Worrell,G.A.: :
Forecasting seizures in dogs with naturally occurring epilepsy. PLoS One 9:e81920, 2014.
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2014 Viitmaa,R.,Haaparanta-Solin,M.,Snellman,M.,Cizinauskas,S.,Orro,T.,Kuusela,E.,Johansson,J.,Viljanen,T.,Jokinen,T.S.,Bergamasco,L.,Metsähonkala,L.: :
Cerebral glucose utilization measured with high resolution positron emission tomography in epileptic Finnish Spitz dogs and healthy dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound :, 2014.
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2014 Wessmann,A.,Volk,H.A.,Parkin,T.,Ortega,M.,Anderson,T.J.: :
Evaluation of quality of life in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy. J Vet Intern Med 28:510-4, 2014.
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2013 Bellumori,T.P.,Famula,T.R.,Bannasch,D.L.,Belanger,J.M.,Oberbauer,A.M.: :
Prevalence of inherited disorders among mixed-breed and purebred dogs: 27,254 cases (1995-2010). J Am Vet Med Assoc 242:1549-55, 2013.
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2013 Chai,O.,Sommer,A.,Zimmerman,G.,Soreq,H.,Friedman,A.,Bdolah-Abram,T.,Aroch,I.,Shamir,M.H.: :
Acetylcholinesterase activity in the cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with seizures. Vet J :, 2013.
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2013 Coles,L.D.,Patterson,E.E.,Sheffield,W.D.,Mavoori,J.,Higgins,J.,Michael,B.,Leyde,K.,Cloyd,J.C.,Litt,B.,Vite,C.,Worrell,G.A.: :
Feasibility study of a caregiver seizure alert system in canine epilepsy. Epilepsy Res :, 2013.
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2013 Creevy,K.E.,Gagnepain,J.F.,Platt,S.R.,Edwards,G.L.,Kent,M.: :
Comparison of concentrations of γ-aminobutyric acid and glutamate in cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with idiopathic epilepsy with and without seizure-related magnetic resonance imaging hyperintense areas in the limbic system. Am J Vet Res 74:1118-25, 2013.
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2013 Ekenstedt,K.J.,Oberbauer,A.M.: :
Inherited epilepsy in dogs. Top Companion Anim Med 28:51-8, 2013.
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2013 Gesell,F.K.,Zoerner,A.A.,Brauer,C.,Engeli,S.,Tsikas,D.,Tipold,A.: :
Alterations of endocannabinoids in cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with epileptic seizure disorder. BMC Vet Res 9:262, 2013.
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2013 Harcourt-Brown,T.: :
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2013 Jeffery,N.D.: :
Canine epilepsy: In search of a fitting end. Vet J :, 2013.
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2013 Jokinen,T.S.,Haaparanta-Solin,M.,Viitmaa,R.,Grönroos,T.J.,Johansson,J.,Bergamasco,L.,Snellman,M.,Metsähonkala,L.: :
FDG-PET in healthy and epileptic Lagotto Romagnolo dogs and changes in brain glucose uptake with age. Vet Radiol Ultrasound :, 2013.
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2013 Kearsley-Fleet,L.,O'Neill,D.G.,Volk,H.A.,Church,D.B.,Brodbelt,D.C.: :
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2013 Klang,A.,Leschnik,M.,Schmidt,P.,Pakozdy,A.: :
Bilateral Hippocampal Malformation and Concurrent Granulomatous Meningoencephalitis in a Dog with Refractory Epilepsy. J Comp Pathol :, 2013.
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2013 Löscher,W.,Hoffmann,K.,Twele,F.,Potschka,H.,Töllner,K.: :
The novel antiepileptic drug imepitoin compares favourably to other GABA-mimetic drugs in a seizure threshold model in mice and dogs. Pharmacol Res :, 2013.
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2013 Pivetta,M.,DeRisio,L.,Newton,R.,Dennis,R.: :
Prevalence of lateral ventricle asymmetry in brain MRI studies of neurologically normal dogs and dogs with idiopathic epilepsy. Vet Radiol Ultrasound :, 2013.
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2013 Potschka,H.,Fischer,A.,vonRüden,E.L.,Hülsmeyer,V.,Baumgärtner,W.: :
Canine epilepsy as a translational model? Epilepsia 54:571-9, 2013.
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2013 Preston,S.M.,Shihab,N.,Volk,H.A.: :
Public perception of epilepsy in dogs is more favorable than in humans. Epilepsy Behav 27:243-6, 2013.
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2013 Sakurai,M.,Morita,T.,Takeuchi,T.,Shimada,A.: :
Relationship of angiogenesis and microglial activation to seizure-induced neuronal death in the cerebral cortex of Shetland Sheepdogs with familial epilepsy. Am J Vet Res 74:763-70, 2013.
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2013 Schwartz,M.,Muñana,K.R.,Nettifee-Osborne,J.: :
Assessment of the prevalence and clinical features of cryptogenic epilepsy in dogs: 45 cases (2003-2011). J Am Vet Med Assoc 242:651-7, 2013.
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2013 Scorza,C.A.,Calderazzo,L.,Cavalheiro,E.A.,Cysneiros,R.M.,Scorza,F.A.: :
Sudden unexpected death in dogs with epilepsy: Risks versus benefits of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation for man's best friend. Epilepsy Behav :, 2013.
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2013 Viitmaa,R.,Cizinauskas,S.,Orro,T.,Niilo-Rämä,M.,Gordin,E.,Lohi,H.,Seppälä,E.H.,Bragge,H.,Snellman,M.: :
Phenotype, inheritance characteristics, and risk factors for idiopathic epilepsy in Finnish Spitz dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 243:1001-9, 2013.
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2013 Volk,H.A.,Davies,E.: :
Trial of a novel diet for epilepsy in dogs. Vet Rec 172:319-20, 2013.
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2013 Bellumori,T.P.,Famula,T.R.,Bannasch,D.L.,Belanger,J.M.,Oberbauer,A.M.: :
Prevalence of inherited disorders among mixed-breed and purebred dogs: 27,254 cases (1995-2010). J Am Vet Med Assoc 242:1549-55, 2013.
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2013 Ekenstedt,K.J.,Oberbauer,A.M.: :
Inherited epilepsy in dogs. Top Companion Anim Med 28:51-8, 2013.
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2012 Akos,P.,Thalhammer,J.G.,Leschnik,M.,Halász,P.: :
Electroencephalographic examination of epileptic dogs under propofol restraint. Acta Vet Hung 60:309-24, 2012.
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2012 Arrol,L.,Penderis,J.,Garosi,L.,Cripps,P.,Gutierrez-Quintana,R.,Gonçalves,R.: :
Aetiology and long-term outcome of juvenile epilepsy in 136 dogs. Vet Rec 170:335, 2012.
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2012 Borschensky,C.M.,Woolley,J.S.,Kipar,A.,Herden,C.: :
Neurogenesis in a young dog with epileptic seizures. Vet Pathol 49:766-70, 2012.
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2012 Ekenstedt,K.J.,Patterson,E.E.,Mickelson,J.R.: :
Canine epilepsy genetics. Mamm Genome 23:28-39, 2012.
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2012 Gulløv,C.H.,Toft,N.,Berendt,M.: :
A Longitudinal Study of Survival in Belgian Shepherds with Genetic Epilepsy. J Vet Intern Med :, 2012.
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2012 Monteiro,R.,Adams,V.,Keys,D.,Platt,S.R.: :
Canine idiopathic epilepsy: prevalence, risk factors and outcome associated with cluster seizures and status epilepticus. J Small Anim Pract 53:526-30, 2012.
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2012 Muñana,K.R.,Nettifee-Osborne,J.A.,Bergman,R.L.,Mealey,K.L.: :
Association between ABCB1 genotype and seizure outcome in Collies with epilepsy. J Vet Intern Med 26:1358-64, 2012.
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2012 Potschka,H.: :
Animal models of drug-resistant epilepsy. Epileptic Disord 14:226-34, 2012.
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2012 Seppälä,E.H.,Koskinen,L.L.,Gulløv,C.H.,Jokinen,P.,Karlskov-Mortensen,P.,Bergamasco,L.,BaranowskaKörberg,I.,Cizinauskas,S.,Oberbauer,A.M.,Berendt,M.,Fredholm,M.,Lohi,H.: :
Identification of a novel idiopathic epilepsy locus in Belgian Shepherd dogs. PLoS One 7:e33549, 2012.
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2012 Stalin,K.: :
Investigating epilepsy in dogs. Vet Rec 170:333-4, 2012.
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2011 Alves,L.,Hülsmeyer,V.,Jaggy,A.,Fischer,A.,Leeb,T.,Drögemüller,M.: :
Polymorphisms in the ABCB1 gene in phenobarbital responsive and resistant idiopathic epileptic Border Collies. J Vet Intern Med 25:484-9, 2011.
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2011 Brauer,C.,Kästner,S.B.,Rohn,K.,Schenk,H.C.,Tünsmeyer,J.,Tipold,A.: :
Electroencephalographic recordings in dogs suffering from idiopathic and symptomatic epilepsy: Diagnostic value of interictal short time EEG protocols supplemented by two activation techniques. Vet J :, 2011.
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2011 Browand-Stainback,L.,Levesque,D.,McBee,M.: :
Canine and feline epileptic seizures and the lunar cycle: 2,507 seizures (2000-2008). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 47:324-8, 2011.
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2011 Ekenstedt,K.J.,Patterson,E.E.,Minor,K.M.,Mickelson,J.R.: :
Candidate genes for idiopathic epilepsy in four dog breeds. BMC Genet 12:38, 2011.
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2011 Gulløv,C.H.,Toft,N.,Baadsager,M.M.,Berendt,M.: :
Epilepsy in the Petit Basset Griffon Vendeen: prevalence, semiology, and clinical phenotype. J Vet Intern Med 25:1372-8, 2011.
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2011 Leppik,I.E.,Patterson,E.N.,Coles,L.D.,Craft,E.M.,Cloyd,J.C.: :
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2011 Short,A.D.,Dunne,A.,Lohi,H.,Boulton,S.,Carter,S.D.,Timofte,D.,Ollier,W.E.: :
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2010 Hülsmeyer,V.,Zimmermann,R.,Brauer,C.,Sauter-Louis,C.,Fischer,A.: :
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2009 Scorza,FA.,Cavalheiro,EA.,Arida,RM.,Terra,VC.,Scorza,CA.,Ribeiro,MO.,Cysneiros,RM.: :
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2008 Berendt,M.,Gulløv,C.H.,Christensen,S.L.,Gudmundsdottir,H.,Gredal,H.,Fredholm,M.,Alban,L.: :
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2007 Licht,BG.,Lin,S.,Luo,Y.,Hyson,LL.,Licht,MH.,Harper,KM.,Sullivan,SA.,Fernandez,SA.,Johnston,EV.: :
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2006 Lass,P.,Teodorczyk,J.,Krzemiński,M.: :
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2005 Volk,H.,Chandler,K.,Cappello,R.,Cherubini,GB.: :
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