Distinguishing short-term memory from working memory.

R Kail, L K Hall

Author Information

R Kail: University of Maryland, College Park, USA. rkail@sla.purdue.edu

PMID: 11277452 DOI: 10.3758/bf03195735

The aim of the present research was to determine whether short-term memory and working memory could be distinguished. In two studies, 7- to 13-year-olds (N = 155, N = 132) were administered tasks thought to assess short-term memory as well as tasks thought to assess working memory. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses distinguished short-term memory tasks from working memory tasks. In addition, performance on working memory tasks was related to word decoding skill but performance on short-term memory tasks was not. Finally, performance on both short-term memory and working memory tasks were associated with age-related increases in processing speed. Results are discussed in relation to models of short-term and working memory.

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Adolescent

Age Factors

Child

Cognition

Factor Analysis, Statistical

Female

Humans

Linguistics

Male

Memory

Memory, Short-Term

Models, Psychological

Neuropsychological Tests

Psychomotor Performance

Reaction Time

Recognition, Psychology

Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

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