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Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology
Mar, 2024;34 (2): 251-259.

Patterns of urinary organophosphate ester metabolite trajectories in children: the HOME Study.

Weili Yang, Joseph M Braun, Ann M Vuong, Zana Percy, Yingying Xu, Changchun Xie, Ranjan Deka, Antonia M Calafat, Maria Ospina, Kimberly Yolton, Kim M Cecil, Bruce P Lanphear, Aimin Chen
Author Information
  1. Weili Yang: Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA. yangw6@mail.uc.edu.
  2. Joseph M Braun: Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
  3. Ann M Vuong: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
  4. Zana Percy: Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
  5. Yingying Xu: Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
  6. Changchun Xie: Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
  7. Ranjan Deka: Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
  8. Antonia M Calafat: National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
  9. Maria Ospina: National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
  10. Kimberly Yolton: Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
  11. Kim M Cecil: Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
  12. Bruce P Lanphear: Child and Family Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
  13. Aimin Chen: Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
PMID: 37777668 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-023-00605-2

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Organophosphate esters (OPEs) have replaced flame retardant polybrominated diphenyl ethers as flame retardants in consumer products, but few longitudinal studies have characterized childhood OPE exposure.
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to examine the exposure pattern of urinary OPE metabolites in children.
METHODS: We quantified three urinary OPE metabolites five times in children (1, 2, 3, 5, 8 years) from 312 mother-child pairs in the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment (HOME) Study, a prospective pregnancy and birth cohort in Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. We examined the associations of average maternal OPE metabolite concentrations with OPE metabolite concentrations in childhood, characterized childhood OPE trajectories with latent class growth analysis (LCGA), and examined factors related to trajectory membership.
RESULTS: Bis(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (BCEP) had the lowest median concentrations over time (0.66-0.97���mg/L) while the median concentrations of bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCIPP) increased with age (1.44-3.80���mg/L). The median concentrations of diphenyl phosphate (DPHP) fluctuated between 1.96 and 2.69���mg/L. Intraclass correlation coefficients for urinary metabolites measured at five time points indicated high variability within individuals (0.13-0.24). Average maternal urinary BCEP and BDCIPP were associated with concentrations in early childhood. Maternal education, the birth year of the child, and having a carpet in the main activity room were associated with BCEP and BDCIPP trajectory while none of the factors were associated with DPHP trajectory.
SIGNIFICANCE: The trajectory analysis showed different patterns of urinary OPE metabolite concentrations, suggesting the need to collect multiple samples to adequately reflect OPE exposure.
IMPACT STATEMENT: In this well-established cohort, we evaluated the patterns of urinary OPE metabolites in children ages 1-8 years. The number of repeated measures over childhood has not been achieved in prior studies. Our results suggested the high variability of urinary OPE metabolites within individuals. Maternal metabolite concentrations during pregnancy were related to child concentrations at ages 1-3 years. BCEP, BDCIPP, and DPHP demonstrated different trajectories in children, which suggests that multiple samples may be required to capture OPE exposure patterns in childhood.

Keywords

Childhood Cohort study Organophosphate ester Urinary metabolites

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Grants

  1. R01 ES027224/NIEHS NIH HHS
  2. P01 ES011261/NIEHS NIH HHS
  3. R01 ES014575/NIEHS NIH HHS
  4. R01 ES028277/NIEHS NIH HHS
  5. R01 ES020349/NIEHS NIH HHS
  6. P30 ES006096/NIEHS NIH HHS
  7. F30 ES033086/NIEHS NIH HHS
  8. R01 ES033054/NIEHS NIH HHS
  9. R21 ES034187/NIEHS NIH HHS

MeSH Term

Humans
Female
Child, Preschool
Organophosphates
Child
Infant
Ohio
Male
Pregnancy
Prospective Studies
Esters
Flame Retardants
Environmental Exposure
Adult
Maternal Exposure
Environmental Pollutants
Longitudinal Studies
Birth Cohort

Chemicals

Organophosphates
Esters
Flame Retardants
Environmental Pollutants
Journal Article
Article has an altmetric score of 1

Word Cloud

Created with Highcharts 10.0.0OPEconcentrationsurinarychildhoodmetabolitesmetaboliteexposurechildren1trajectoryBCEPBDCIPPyearstrajectoriesphosphatemedianDPHPassociatedpatternsOrganophosphateflamediphenylstudiescharacterizedfive2HOMEStudypregnancybirthcohortexaminedmaternalanalysisfactorsrelatedtime0highvariabilitywithinindividualsMaternalchilddifferentmultiplesamplesagesesterBACKGROUND:estersOPEsreplacedretardantpolybrominatedethersretardantsconsumerproductslongitudinalOBJECTIVE:aimedexaminepatternMETHODS:quantifiedthreetimes358312mother-childpairsHealthOutcomesMeasuresEnvironmentprospectiveCincinnatiOhioUSAassociationsaveragelatentclassgrowthLCGAmembershipRESULTS:Bis2-chloroethyllowest66-097���mg/Lbis3-dichloro-2-propylincreasedage44-380���mg/Lfluctuated9669���mg/LIntraclasscorrelationcoefficientsmeasuredpointsindicated13-024AverageearlyeducationyearcarpetmainactivityroomnoneSIGNIFICANCE:showedsuggestingneedcollectadequatelyreflectIMPACTSTATEMENT:well-establishedevaluated1-8numberrepeatedmeasuresachievedpriorresultssuggested1-3demonstratedsuggestsmayrequiredcapturePatternsorganophosphatechildren:ChildhoodCohortstudyUrinary

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