| map01110 |
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites |
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| map01110 |
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites |
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| map01100 |
Metabolic pathways |
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| map00940 |
Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis |
Phenylpropanoids are a group of plant secondary metabolites derived from phenylalanine and having a wide variety of functions both as structural and signaling molecules. Phenylalanine is first converted to cinnamic acid by deamination. It is followed by hydroxylation and frequent methylation to generate coumaric acid and other acids with a phenylpropane (C6-C3) unit. Reduction of the CoA-activated carboxyl groups of these acids results in the corresponding aldehydes and alcohols. The alcohols are called monolignols, the starting compounds for biosynthesis of lignin. |
| map00903 |
Limonene and pinene degradation |
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| map00770 |
Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis |
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| map00620 |
Pyruvate metabolism |
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| map00561 |
Glycerolipid metabolism |
- |
| map00410 |
beta-Alanine metabolism |
- |
| map00380 |
Tryptophan metabolism |
- |
| map00340 |
Histidine metabolism |
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| map00330 |
Arginine and proline metabolism |
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| map00310 |
Lysine degradation |
- |
| map00280 |
Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation |
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| map00071 |
Fatty acid metabolism |
- |
| map00053 |
Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism |
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| map00010 |
Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis |
Glycolysis is the process of converting glucose into pyruvate and generating small amounts of ATP (energy) and NADH (reducing power). It is a central pathway that produces important precursor metabolites: six-carbon compounds of glucose-6P and fructose-6P and three-carbon compounds of glycerone-P, glyceraldehyde-3P, glycerate-3P, phosphoenolpyruvate, and pyruvate [MD:M00001]. Acetyl-CoA, another important precursor metabolite, is produced by oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate [MD:M00307]. When the enzyme genes of this pathway are examined in completely sequenced genomes, the reaction steps of three-carbon compounds from glycerone-P to pyruvate form a conserved core module [MD:M00002], which is found in almost all organisms and which often corresponds to operon structures in bacterial genomes. Gluconeogenesis is a synthesis pathway of glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors. It is essentially a reversal of glycolysis with minor variations of alternative paths [MD:M00003]. |