| map01110 |
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites |
- |
| map01100 |
Metabolic pathways |
- |
| map00960 |
Tropane, piperidine and pyridine alkaloid biosynthesis |
- |
| map00950 |
Isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis |
Isoquinoline alkaloids are tyrosine-derived plant alkaloids with an isoquinoline skeleton. Among them benzylisoquinoline alkaloids form an important group with potent pharmacological activity, including analgesic compounds of morphine and codeine, and anti-infective agents of berberine, palmatine, and magnoflorine. Biosynthesis of isoquinoline alkaloids proceeds via decarboxylation of tyrosine or DOPA to yield dopamine, which together with 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde, an aldehyde derived from tyrosine, is converted to reticuline, an important precursor of various benzylisoquinoline alkaloids. |
| map00410 |
beta-Alanine metabolism |
- |
| map00360 |
Phenylalanine metabolism |
- |
| map00350 |
Tyrosine metabolism |
- |
| map00260 |
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism |
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018]. |
